Tree-ring summer wetness for northern France, 1716 to 1874
Old World Drought Atlas, 39 grid squares over Picardy, Normandy, Ile-de-France and Flanders. Outbreak years compared with all other years, with the outbreak pattern slid along the record 10,000 times to keep its clustering: the year before an outbreak was wetter by 0.46 index points (chance 7 percent), two years before by 0.32 (15 percent), the outbreak summer itself no different (39 percent).