1261: no sky record falls in the right window, and the obvious one was already considered
Miyahara et al. 2022 measured a small rise into the 1262 ring. By their tree's timing, the burst must have come between about August 1261 and mid 1262. They considered the Chinese red glow of 9 February 1261 and judged it too early, which our day-name check confirms (it is firmly February 1261). Our other records miss the window too: Korea's three glows were October to December 1260, too early; Japan's flickering lights were February 1263, too late. Two remain unplaced: the Songshi white vapour at Lin'an on 16 August 1262, right at the late edge, and the Salzburg glow of 1262, which has no month. Neither is strong.
The broader point still stands: 1257 to 1263 was a busy, glow-filled time, partly from an active Sun and partly from volcanic haze after Samalas.
What to check next
- Read Miyahara 2022 in full: did they already use these aurora records?
- Wang 2021 Korean catalogue for 1260 to 1263
- Salzburg annals (MGH Scriptores 9, pages 758 to 810) for the 1262 wording and month